Soil compaction is a method of mechanically increasing the density of soil.  In applications such as construction; this is a significant part of the building process.  If this action is performed improperly, settlement of the soil could occur and result in unnecessary maintenance costs or structural failure.

There are five principal reasons to compact soil:

• Increases load-bearing capacity
• Reduces settling of soil
• Reduces shrinkage of soil
• Reduces water seepage, swelling and contraction
• Provides better stability

The different types of compaction efforts that can be applied to soil or asphalt are vibration, impact, kneading and pressure.  Compactors deliver a rapid sequence of blows (impacts) to the soil surface, thereby affecting the top layers as well as deeper layers of soil.  The vibration moves through the material, setting particles in motion and moving them closer together for the highest density possible.  The desired level of compaction is best achieved by matching the soil type with its proper compaction method.  Other factors such as compaction specifications and job site conditions also play a role in the type of compaction equipment used.

LPG, Propane tampers or plate compactors are small but powerful machines. They are a great choice for small jobs and can be used by homeowners and commercial contractors alike. Uses include asphalt and pothole repair, landscaping and general compaction, including back-filling foundations. These units work well for compacting gravel, sand, crushed aggregate, and mixed cohesive soil.

Tampers, jumping jacks or rammers deliver a high impact force (high amplitude) making them an excellent choice for cohesive and semi-cohesive soil types.  Vibratory plate compaction equipments are low amplitude, high frequency and suitable to compact granular soils and asphalt.